AWS-Whitepaper-OverviewOfAmazonWebServices


                         Overview of Amazon Web Services

Introduction

  • The AWS Cloud provides a broad set of infrastructure services.
  • What are infrastructure services?such as computing power, storage options, networking and databases.
  • How infrastructure services are delivered? on-demand, available in seconds, with pay-as-you-go pricing.
  • In 2006, Amazon Web Services (AWS) began offering IT infrastructure services to businesses in the form of web services—now commonly known as cloud computing. 
  • Why we need cloud computing service?replace up-front capital infrastructure expenses.
  • A cloud services platform such as Amazon Web Services owns and maintains the network-connected hardware required for these application services, while you provision and use what you need via a web application.
  • As cloud computing has grown in popularity, several different models and deployment strategies have emerged to help meet specific needs of different users. 
  • Computing models
    • Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 
      • Basic building blocks for cloud 
      • Include access to networking features, computers (virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space. 
    • Platform as a Service (PaaS)
      • Provide infrastructure (usually hardware and operating systems) to deploy and manage application.
      • No worries(maintenance) about resource procurement, capacity planning, software maintenance, patching etc involved in running your application.
    • Software as a Service (SaaS)
      • Provides you with a completed product that is run and managed by the service provider. 
      • Software as a Service are referring to end-user applications.
  • Deployment Model
    • Cloud
      • A cloud-based application is fully deployed in the cloud and all parts of the application run in the cloud.
      • Provide abstraction from the management, architecting, and scaling requirements of core infrastructure.
    • Hybrid
      • The most common method of hybrid deployment is between the cloud and existing on-premises infrastructure. 
    • On-premises(private cloud)
      • In most cases this deployment model is the same as legacy IT infrastructure while using application management and virtualisation technologies to try and increase resource utilisation.

AWS Cloud infrastructure

  • The AWS Cloud infrastructure is built around Regions and Availability Zones (AZs).
    • Region
      • A Region is a physical location in the world where we have multiple AZs.
      • Each Amazon Region is designed to be completely isolated from the other Amazon Regions(Why?This achieves the greatest possible fault tolerance and stability).
    • AZs
      • AZs consist of one or more discrete data centers, each with redundant power, networking, and connectivity, housed in separate facilities. 
      • Each AZ is isolated, but the AZs in a Region are connected through low-latency links.
      • Availability Zones are physically separated within a typical metropolitan region.Each designed as an independent failure zone.

Security

  • You use software-based security tools to monitor and protect the flow of information into and of out of your cloud resources.
  • While AWS manages security of the cloud, you are responsible for security in the cloud. 
  • Most responsibility lies under you.AWS provides you with guidance, expertise and advice.

Compliance

  • As systems are built on top of AWS Cloud infrastructure, compliance responsibilities will be shared. 
  • The IT infrastructure that AWS provides to its customers is designed and managed in alignment with best security practices and a variety of IT security standards. 

AWS cloud services

  • To access the services, you can use the AWS Management Console, the Command Line Interface, or Software Development Kits (SDKs).
  • Compute services
    • Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is a web service that provides secure, resizable compute capacity in the cloud.
    • Amazon EC2 Container Service (ECS) is a highly scalable, high-performance container management service that supports Docker containers. Amazon ECS eliminates the need for you to install, operate, and scale your own cluster management infrastructure. 
    • Amazon EC2 Container Registry (ECR) is a fully-managed Docker container registry that makes it easy for developers to store, manage, and deploy Docker container images.
    • Amazon Lightsail is designed to be the easiest way to launch and manage a virtual private server with AWS. Lightsail plans include everything you need to jumpstart your project.
    • AWS Batch enables developers, scientists, and engineers to easily and efficiently run hundreds of thousands of batch computing jobs on AWS.
    • AWS Elastic Beanstalk is an easy-to-use service for deploying and scaling web applications.You can simply upload your code, and AWS Elastic Beanstalk automatically handles the deployment, from capacity provisioning, load balancing, and auto scaling to application health monitoring.  
    • AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. You pay only for the compute time you consume. No charge when your code is not running.
    • Auto Scaling helps you maintain application availability and allows you to scale your Amazon EC2 capacity up or down automatically according to conditions that you define.
  • Storage services
    • Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) is object storage with a simple web service interface to store and retrieve any amount of data from anywhere on the web. Amazon S3 supports data transfer over SSL and automatic encryption of your data once it is uploaded.
    • Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) provides persistent block storage volumes for use with Amazon EC2 instances in the AWS Cloud. Each Amazon EBS volume is automatically replicated within its Availability Zone. Point-in-time snapshots of EBS volumes, which are backed up to Amazon S3.
    • Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) provides simple, scalable file storage for use with Amazon EC2 instances in the AWS Cloud. Multiple EC2 instances can access an Amazon EFS file system at the same time.
    • Amazon Glacier is a secure, durable, and extremely low-cost storage service for data archiving and long-term backup.
    • The AWS Storage Gateway service seamlessly enables hybrid storage between on-premises storage environments and the AWS Cloud
  • Database Services
    • Amazon Aurora is a MySQL and PostgreSQL compatible relational database engine.
    • Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database in the cloud. Amazon RDS provides you six familiar database engines to choose from, including Amazon Aurora, PostgreSQL,  MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle, and Microsoft SQL Server.
    • Amazon DynamoDB is a fast and flexible NoSQL database service for all applications that need consistent, single-digit millisecond latency at any scale.
    • Amazon ElastiCache is a web service that makes it easy to deploy, operate, and scale an in memory cache in the cloud.
      • ElastiCache supports two open-source in-memory caching engines:
        • Redis - a fast, open source, in-memory data store and cache.
        • Memcached - a widely adopted memory object caching system.
  • Migration
    • AWS Application Discovery Service helps systems integrators quickly and reliably plan application migration projects by automatically identifying applications running in on-premises data centers, their associated dependencies, and their performance profiles.This information is retained in encrypted format in an AWS Application Discovery Service database, which you can export as a CSV or XML file into your preferred visualization tool or cloud migration solution to help reduce the complexity and time in planning your cloud migration.
    • AWS Database Migration Service helps you migrate databases to AWS easily and securely. supports homogenous  & heterogeneous migrations.
    • AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is an agentless service which makes it easier and faster for you to migrate thousands of on-premises workloads to AWS.
    • AWS Snowball is a petabyte-scale data transport solution that uses secure appliances to transfer large amounts of data into and out of AWS. Simply create a job in the AWS Management Console and a Snowball appliance will be automatically shipped to you.
    • AWS Snowball Edge is a 100 TB data transfer device with on-board storage and compute capabilities.
    • AWS Snowmobile is an exabyte-scale data transfer service used to move extremely large amounts of data to AWS.51 You can transfer up to 100 PB per Snowmobile, a 45-foot long ruggedized shipping container, pulled by a semi-trailer truck.
  • Networking and Content Delivery
    • Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) lets you provision a logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define. you can create a hardware virtual private network (VPN) connection between your corporate data center and your VPC and leverage the AWS Cloud as an extension.
    • Amazon CloudFront is a global content delivery network (CDN) service that accelerates delivery of your websites, APIs, video content, or other web assets. 
    • Amazon Route 53 is a highly available and scalable cloud Domain Name System (DNS) web service. 
    • AWS Direct Connect makes it easy to establish a dedicated network connection from your premises to AWS.
    • Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) automatically distributes incoming application traffic across multiple EC2 instances.
      • Elastic Load Balancing offers two types of load balancers
        • These include the Classic Load Balancer that routes traffic based on either application or network level information,
        • The Application Load Balancer that routes traffic based on advanced application-level information that includes the content of the request. 


























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